Big Island

Big Island

Big Island, officially known as Hawaiʻi Island, is the largest and the southeasternmost of the Hawaiian Islands in the United States. It is renowned for its diverse landscapes, active volcanoes, and rich cultural history.

Geography

Hawaiʻi Island is the largest island in the Hawaiian archipelago, covering an area of 4,028 square miles (10,430 km²). It is often referred to as the "Big Island" to avoid confusion with the state of Hawaii. The island is home to five major volcanoes: Kīlauea, Mauna Loa, Mauna Kea, Hualālai, and Kohala.

Volcanoes

• Kīlauea is one of the most active volcanoes in the world and is located within Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park.
• Mauna Loa is the largest volcano on Earth in terms of volume and area covered.
• Mauna Kea is a dormant volcano and the highest point in the state of Hawaii, standing at 13,796 feet (4,205 meters) above sea level.
• Hualālai is an active volcano that last erupted in 1801.
• Kohala is the oldest of the five volcanoes and is considered extinct.

Climate

The Big Island features a variety of climates, ranging from tropical rainforests to arid deserts. The windward side of the island, including Hilo, receives significant rainfall, while the leeward side, including Kailua-Kona, is much drier.

History

The island of Hawaiʻi has a rich history that dates back to the early Polynesian settlers. It was the birthplace of King Kamehameha I, who unified the Hawaiian Islands in the early 19th century. The island played a significant role in the development of the Hawaiian Kingdom.

Economy

The economy of the Big Island is diverse, with major industries including tourism, agriculture, and astronomy. The island is famous for its Kona coffee, macadamia nuts, and tropical fruits.

Tourism

Tourism is a major economic driver, with visitors attracted to the island's natural beauty, beaches, and cultural sites. Popular tourist destinations include Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, Akaka Falls State Park, and the Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park.

Agriculture

The island's fertile soil and favorable climate support a variety of agricultural activities. In addition to coffee and macadamia nuts, the island produces papayas, avocados, and orchids.

Astronomy

The summit of Mauna Kea is home to some of the world's most advanced astronomical observatories, taking advantage of the clear skies and high altitude.

Culture

Hawaiʻi Island is rich in Hawaiian culture and traditions. The island hosts numerous cultural festivals and events, such as the Merrie Monarch Festival, which celebrates traditional Hawaiian dance and music.

Transportation

The island is served by two main airports: Hilo International Airport and Kona International Airport. A network of highways connects the major towns and attractions on the island.

See Also

• Hawaiian Islands
• Hawaii (state)
• Polynesian navigation

External Links

• Official Big Island Tourism Site