Biliary disease

Biliary disease refers to a group of conditions that affect the biliary system, which includes the gallbladder and bile ducts. These diseases can cause a variety of symptoms and complications, and they often require medical intervention for diagnosis and treatment.

Overview

The biliary system is a part of the digestive system that helps in the digestion of fats. It includes the gallbladder, which stores bile produced by the liver, and the bile ducts, which transport bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine.

Biliary diseases can affect any part of this system, leading to symptoms such as jaundice, abdominal pain, and nausea. They can be caused by a variety of factors, including gallstones, infections, tumors, and congenital abnormalities.

Types of Biliary Disease

There are several types of biliary disease, including:

• Gallstones: These are hard deposits that can form in the gallbladder or bile ducts. They can cause pain and other symptoms if they block the flow of bile.

• Cholecystitis: This is an inflammation of the gallbladder, often caused by gallstones.

• Cholangitis: This is an inflammation of the bile ducts, often caused by an infection.

• Biliary cirrhosis: This is a chronic liver disease that can lead to scarring and damage to the bile ducts.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis of biliary disease often involves imaging tests such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In some cases, a procedure called endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) may be used to examine the bile ducts and remove gallstones.

Treatment of biliary disease depends on the specific type and severity of the disease. It may involve medications, lifestyle changes, or surgical procedures such as cholecystectomy (removal of the gallbladder) or biliary drainage.

See Also

• Digestive system
• Liver disease
• Gastroenterology