Bioko

Bioko

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Satellite image of Bioko

Other names
Etymology
Location	Gulf of Guinea
Coordinates	3°30′N 8°42′E Fatal error: The format of the coordinate could not be determined. Parsing failed.
OS grid reference
Type
Archipelago	Cameroon line
Adjacent to
Total islands

Bioko is an island located off the west coast of Africa in the Gulf of Guinea. It is part of Equatorial Guinea and is the northernmost part of the country. The island is known for its rich biodiversity, volcanic landscapes, and cultural history.

Geography

Bioko is situated about 32 kilometers off the coast of Cameroon and is part of the Cameroon line of volcanoes. The island covers an area of approximately 2,017 square kilometers. The highest point on the island is Pico Basile, which rises to 3,012 meters above sea level, making it the tallest peak in Equatorial Guinea.

History

Bioko was originally inhabited by the Bubi people, who are believed to have migrated from the mainland. The island was first sighted by Europeans in 1472 by the Portuguese explorer Fernão do Pó, who named it "Formosa". It later became known as "Fernando Pó" after the explorer. The island was a significant location during the transatlantic slave trade.

In the 19th century, Bioko came under Spanish control and became part of the Spanish colony of Spanish Guinea. It gained independence along with the rest of Equatorial Guinea in 1968.

Economy

The economy of Bioko is primarily based on oil and gas production, which are the main sources of revenue for Equatorial Guinea. The island also has agricultural activities, including the cultivation of cocoa, coffee, and timber.

Biodiversity

Bioko is home to a variety of unique flora and fauna. The island's rainforests are rich in biodiversity, including several endemic species of primates, such as the drill and the Bioko red colobus. Conservation efforts are ongoing to protect these species and their habitats.

Culture

The culture of Bioko is a blend of indigenous Bubi traditions and Spanish influences. The island's capital, Malabo, is a cultural hub with colonial architecture, vibrant markets, and a mix of traditional and modern lifestyles.

Also see

• Equatorial Guinea
• Malabo
• Gulf of Guinea
• Cameroon line
• Bubi people