Biological vector

Biological Vector

A biological vector is an organism that carries and transmits an infectious pathogen into another living organism. Most vectors are blood-sucking insects which ingest disease-producing microorganisms during a blood meal from an infected host (human or animal) and later inject it into a new host during their subsequent blood meal.

Types of Biological Vectors

Biological vectors are typically classified into two main categories: arthropod vectors and vertebrate vectors.

Arthropod vectors are invertebrates, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas, that can transmit diseases to humans. These vectors can carry a wide range of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Examples of diseases transmitted by arthropod vectors include malaria, dengue fever, and Lyme disease.

Vertebrate vectors are animals that can transmit diseases to humans. These vectors can carry a wide range of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Examples of diseases transmitted by vertebrate vectors include rabies, Hantavirus, and West Nile virus.

Role in Disease Transmission

Biological vectors play a crucial role in the transmission of many diseases. They are not just passive carriers of pathogens, but play an active role in their life cycle. The pathogen may undergo changes within the vector before being transmitted to the new host. This is known as vector-borne disease transmission.

Control of Biological Vectors

Control of biological vectors is an important aspect of public health. Methods of control can include the use of insecticides, habitat modification, and the use of protective clothing. In some cases, biological control methods such as the introduction of natural predators or pathogens of the vector species may also be used.

See Also

• Vector (epidemiology)
• Vector-borne disease
• Arthropod
• Vertebrate

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