Biology of aging

Biology of Aging refers to the study of the biological processes that lead to senescence, or the gradual deterioration of function characteristic of most complex lifeforms, arguably found in all biological kingdoms, that on the level of the organism increases mortality after maturation. The word senescence can refer either to cellular senescence or to senescence of the whole organism.

Overview[edit | edit source]

The biology of aging involves the study of the cellular and organismal processes that result in the aging phenomenon. Aging is characterized by a progressive decline in physiological function, leading to an increased risk of disease and death. The biology of aging is a complex field, encompassing research from many different scientific disciplines, including genetics, biochemistry, and molecular biology.

Cellular Senescence[edit | edit source]

Cellular senescence is the phenomenon by which normal diploid cells cease to divide. In culture, fibroblasts can reach a maximum of 50 cell divisions before becoming senescent. This phenomenon is known as "replicative senescence", or the Hayflick limit. Cellular senescence does not refer to the senescence of the whole organism.

Theories of Aging[edit | edit source]

There are several theories that attempt to explain the biological mechanisms of aging. These include the Free-radical theory of aging, the Mitochondrial theory of aging, the Telomere theory of aging, and the Hormesis theory of aging. Each of these theories offers a different perspective on the biological processes that lead to aging.

Genetics of Aging[edit | edit source]

The genetics of aging is the part of genetics concerned with the study of the genetic basis of aging. This involves the study of genes that affect aging and longevity, as well as the mechanisms by which these genes operate.

Interventions in Aging[edit | edit source]

There are several interventions that have been proposed to slow down or reverse the aging process. These include caloric restriction, genetic modification, and pharmacological interventions. Each of these interventions has been shown to have some effect on the aging process in various animal models.

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