Bleeding disorder

Bleeding disorder is a general term for a wide range of medical conditions that result in poor or abnormal blood clotting and prolonged bleeding. These disorders can lead to an increased risk of bleeding or abnormal bleeding following injury or surgery. They can be inherited or acquired and can affect both males and females.

Types of Bleeding Disorders

There are several types of bleeding disorders, but the most common ones are hemophilia A and B, and Von Willebrand disease. Other less common types include factor II, V, VII, X, or XII deficiencies, and hyperfibrinolysis.

Hemophilia

Hemophilia is a rare, inherited bleeding disorder in which the blood does not clot properly. This can lead to spontaneous bleeding as well as bleeding following injuries or surgery. Hemophilia A and B are distinguished by the specific gene that is affected.

Von Willebrand Disease

Von Willebrand disease is a genetic disorder caused by missing or defective von Willebrand factor (VWF), a clotting protein. The condition can lead to heavy menstrual bleeding, nosebleeds, blood in the urine or stool, and easy bruising.

Symptoms

Symptoms of bleeding disorders can vary depending on the specific condition. Common symptoms include easy bruising, prolonged bleeding from cuts, excessive bleeding following surgery or dental work, and, in women, heavy menstrual periods.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a bleeding disorder is based on medical history, family history, and a physical examination. Blood tests can also be done to determine the specific type of bleeding disorder.

Treatment

Treatment for bleeding disorders aims to prevent or control bleeding episodes, typically through medication. Some people with severe bleeding disorders may require regular infusions of clotting factors.

See Also

• Blood clot
• Hemophilia
• Von Willebrand disease