Bonwill Triangle

Bonwill Triangle

The Bonwill Triangle is a geometric concept used in the field of prosthodontics and orthodontics to determine the optimal size and position of artificial teeth in dental prostheses and orthodontic appliances. It was first proposed by the American dentist Dr. William G. A. Bonwill in the late 19th century.

Concept[edit | edit source]

The Bonwill Triangle is an equilateral triangle with each side measuring 4 inches (approximately 100 mm). The three points of the triangle represent the two condyles (the points where the lower jaw connects to the skull) and the contact point of the lower front teeth. According to Bonwill's theory, this geometric relationship remains constant regardless of the size of the individual's mouth or teeth.

Application in Dentistry[edit | edit source]

The Bonwill Triangle is used in the construction of complete dentures, partial dentures, and orthodontic appliances. It helps to determine the optimal position of artificial teeth to ensure proper function and aesthetics. The concept is also used in the diagnosis and treatment planning of various temporomandibular joint disorders.

Criticism and Limitations[edit | edit source]

While the Bonwill Triangle is widely used in prosthodontics and orthodontics, it has been criticized for its lack of precision. Some studies have found significant variations in the size of the Bonwill Triangle among different individuals. Furthermore, the concept does not take into account the dynamic nature of the temporomandibular joint and the changes that occur with age and disease.