Boulogne-sur-Mer

Boulogne-sur-Mer is a coastal city in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France. It is situated on the shores of the English Channel, making it an important port for fishing and trade since ancient times. The city is renowned for its rich history, spanning from the Roman period to the present day, and its vibrant cultural life, including museums, historical sites, and festivals.

History

The history of Boulogne-sur-Mer dates back to the Roman era when it was known as Gesoriacum and later Bononia. It served as a major port and military base for the Romans in their expeditions across the English Channel. In the Middle Ages, the city became an important center for the Christian pilgrimage due to the presence of the Basilica of Notre-Dame de Boulogne, which houses a revered statue of the Virgin Mary.

During the Napoleonic Wars, Boulogne-sur-Mer was a significant military camp for Napoleon's planned invasion of the United Kingdom. The 19th and 20th centuries saw the city develop into a bustling fishing port, with the establishment of the largest fish market in France.

Geography

Boulogne-sur-Mer is located at the edge of the English Channel at the mouth of the river Liane. The city is characterized by its cliff-top upper town, which contains many historic buildings, including the medieval castle and the basilica, and the lower town, which is home to the fishing port and modern commercial areas.

Economy

The economy of Boulogne-sur-Mer is primarily based on the fishing industry, which has been the backbone of the city for centuries. It hosts the largest fish market in France and is a major center for seafood processing. In addition to fishing, tourism plays a significant role in the local economy, with visitors attracted to the city's historical sites, beaches, and cultural events.

Culture

Boulogne-sur-Mer has a rich cultural heritage, with numerous museums, art galleries, and historical sites. The Basilica of Notre-Dame de Boulogne is a major landmark, known for its impressive architecture and the sacred statue of the Virgin Mary. The city also hosts several festivals throughout the year, celebrating its maritime heritage and cultural diversity.

Education

The city is home to several educational institutions, including secondary schools and vocational training centers. It also hosts a branch of the University of Littoral Opal Coast, offering courses in various disciplines.

Transport

Boulogne-sur-Mer is well-connected by road and rail networks. The A16 motorway links the city to Calais and Paris, while the local train station offers services to major French cities. The port of Boulogne-sur-Mer provides ferry connections to England, although these have been reduced in recent years.

Gallery

• Boulogne-sur-Mer Port.jpg

  The Port of Boulogne-sur-Mer

• Boulogne-sur-Mer Basilica.jpg

  Basilica of Notre-Dame de Boulogne

• Boulogne-sur-Mer Castle.jpg

  Boulogne-sur-Mer Castle

See Also

• Pas-de-Calais
• English Channel
• Napoleonic Wars
• Christianity
• University of Littoral Opal Coast