Bowel preparation

Bowel Preparation is a medical procedure that is often performed prior to a variety of diagnostic and surgical procedures involving the colon and rectum. The primary goal of bowel preparation is to cleanse the bowel of all fecal matter to allow for clear visualization and to minimize the risk of infection.

Overview

Bowel preparation typically involves the use of laxatives and dietary modifications to empty the colon. The specific method of bowel preparation can vary depending on the procedure being performed, the patient's medical history, and the physician's preference.

Methods

There are several methods of bowel preparation, including:

• Dietary modifications: This typically involves a clear liquid diet for one to two days prior to the procedure. Foods that are high in fiber may also be avoided in the days leading up to the procedure.

• Oral laxatives: Oral laxatives, such as polyethylene glycol or sodium phosphate, are often used to stimulate bowel movements and clear the colon.

• Enemas: An enema involves the introduction of fluid into the rectum to stimulate a bowel movement. This method is often used in conjunction with oral laxatives.

Risks and Complications

While bowel preparation is generally safe, it can occasionally lead to complications, such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and kidney damage. Patients with certain medical conditions, such as kidney disease or heart disease, may be at a higher risk for complications.

See Also

• Colonoscopy
• Endoscopy
• Gastroenterology

Resources

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Source: Data courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Since the data might have changed, please query MeSH on Bowel preparation for any updates.

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