Brodmann area 13

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Brodmann area 13 is a region of the cerebral cortex in the brain, defined by its cytoarchitecture (the organization of its cells). It is part of the insula and is located in the human brain and other primates.

Location

Brodmann area 13 is situated in the insula, which is a portion of the cerebral cortex folded deep within the lateral sulcus (the fissure separating the temporal lobe from the parietal lobe and frontal lobe). The insula is involved in various functions, including perception, motor control, self-awareness, cognitive functioning, and interpersonal experience.

Function

The specific functions of Brodmann area 13 are not as well understood as those of other Brodmann areas. However, it is believed to play a role in emotion, homeostasis, and possibly in social cognition. The insula, including Brodmann area 13, is thought to be involved in the processing of taste, visceral sensation, and empathy.

Cytoarchitecture

Brodmann area 13 is characterized by a distinct cytoarchitecture. It is part of the granular insular cortex, which is distinguished by the presence of a granular layer (layer IV) that is less prominent or absent in other cortical areas. This area is also marked by a high density of spindle cells and a unique arrangement of neurons.

Clinical Significance

Damage or dysfunction in Brodmann area 13 can be associated with various neurological and psychiatric conditions. Research has suggested potential links to schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorders. Additionally, abnormalities in this area may be related to addiction and eating disorders.

Research

Ongoing research aims to better understand the specific roles and mechanisms of Brodmann area 13. Advanced imaging techniques, such as functional MRI (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), are used to study its activity and connectivity with other brain regions.

See Also

• Brodmann area
• Insular cortex
• Cerebral cortex
• Cytoarchitecture
• Neuroscience