C-type natriuretic peptide

C-type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) is a peptide hormone that is part of the natriuretic peptide family. It plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including vasodilation, bone growth, and immune response.

Structure

CNP is a 22-amino acid peptide with a ring structure formed by a 17-amino acid disulfide ring. This structure is similar to that of other natriuretic peptides, such as ANP and BNP.

Function

CNP acts primarily on the endothelium, where it promotes vasodilation by increasing the production of cGMP. This leads to a decrease in blood pressure and an increase in blood flow. In addition to its vasodilatory effects, CNP also plays a role in bone growth by stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes. Furthermore, it has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects and may play a role in the immune response.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in CNP levels have been associated with various diseases. Elevated levels of CNP have been found in patients with congestive heart failure, while decreased levels have been observed in patients with hypertension. Furthermore, mutations in the gene encoding CNP or its receptor can lead to growth disorders such as acromesomelic dysplasia.

See Also

• Natriuretic peptide
• Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
• Brain Natriuretic Peptide