CBV

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Cerebral Blood Volume
Diagram of cerebral blood flow
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Cerebral Blood Volume (CBV) refers to the total volume of blood within the brain at a given time. It is a critical parameter in understanding cerebral hemodynamics and is often measured in milliliters per 100 grams of brain tissue.

Physiology[edit | edit source]

CBV is a component of cerebral hemodynamics, which also includes Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) and Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP). The brain requires a constant supply of blood to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove metabolic waste products. The regulation of CBV is crucial for maintaining Intracranial Pressure (ICP) within normal limits.

Regulation[edit | edit source]

CBV is regulated by several factors:

  • Autoregulation: The brain can maintain a relatively constant blood flow despite changes in systemic blood pressure through a process called autoregulation.
  • Carbon Dioxide Levels: Increased levels of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) cause vasodilation and increase CBV, while decreased levels (hypocapnia) cause vasoconstriction and decrease CBV.
  • Oxygen Levels: Hypoxia can lead to increased CBV due to vasodilation.
  • Neural Activity: Areas of the brain with increased neural activity will have increased CBV due to the coupling of blood flow to metabolic demand.

Measurement[edit | edit source]

CBV can be measured using various imaging techniques, including:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Techniques such as dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI can be used to estimate CBV.
  • Computed Tomography (CT): CT perfusion imaging can also provide estimates of CBV.
  • Positron Emission Tomography (PET): PET scans can measure CBV by using radiolabeled tracers.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

Abnormalities in CBV can be indicative of various pathological conditions:

  • Stroke: In ischemic stroke, CBV may be reduced in the affected area.
  • Traumatic Brain Injury: Changes in CBV can affect ICP and cerebral perfusion.
  • Tumors: Certain brain tumors may alter CBV due to abnormal vasculature.

Also see[edit | edit source]



Medical Conditions
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD