CCK1

CCK1

The structure of CCK1

CCK1 (Cholecystokinin receptor type 1) is a protein-coding gene that is responsible for encoding the CCK1 receptor. This receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that is primarily expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. It plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes, including appetite, digestion, and anxiety.

Structure

The CCK1 receptor is composed of 428 amino acids and belongs to the class A rhodopsin-like GPCR family. It consists of seven transmembrane helices, an extracellular N-terminus, and an intracellular C-terminus. The extracellular domain of the receptor contains the binding site for its ligand, cholecystokinin (CCK), while the intracellular domain interacts with G-proteins to initiate downstream signaling pathways.

Function

The primary function of the CCK1 receptor is to bind with CCK, a peptide hormone released in response to food intake. Upon binding, the receptor activates G-proteins, leading to the activation of various intracellular signaling cascades. These signaling pathways regulate the release of digestive enzymes, gastric acid secretion, and the contraction of smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal tract.

Furthermore, the CCK1 receptor is also involved in the regulation of appetite and satiety. Activation of the receptor in the brain triggers a feeling of fullness, reducing food intake. This mechanism makes the CCK1 receptor a potential target for the development of anti-obesity drugs.

Clinical Significance

Mutations or dysregulation of the CCK1 receptor have been associated with various disorders. For example, decreased CCK1 receptor activity has been linked to increased appetite and a higher risk of obesity. On the other hand, overexpression of the receptor has been observed in certain types of cancer, including pancreatic and gastric cancer.

Understanding the role of the CCK1 receptor in these diseases has led to the development of targeted therapies. Researchers are exploring the use of CCK1 receptor antagonists for the treatment of obesity, while CCK1 receptor agonists are being investigated as potential anti-cancer agents.

See Also

• Cholecystokinin
• G-protein coupled receptor
• Gastrointestinal tract
• Central nervous system
• Obesity
• Pancreatic cancer
• Gastric cancer