CCL2
CCL2, also known as Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 (MCP-1), is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. CCL2 recruits monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells to the sites of inflammation produced by either tissue injury or infection.
Structure[edit | edit source]
CCL2 is a monomeric polypeptide, with a molecular weight of approximately 13 kDa. The protein shares approximately 22-62% amino acid sequence homology with other CC chemokines.
Function[edit | edit source]
CCL2 is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. It is also known to be a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 by binding to the cellular protein, CCR5, which is the major co-receptor for macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1.
Clinical significance[edit | edit source]
CCL2 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. It is also known to be a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 by binding to CCR5, which is the major co-receptor for macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1.
See also[edit | edit source]
- Chemokine
- Cytokine
- Monocyte
- T cell
- Dendritic cell
- Psoriasis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Atherosclerosis
- HIV-1
- CCR5
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
