CD226

CD226 (also known as DNAX accessory molecule-1 or DNAM-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD226 gene. CD226 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, and is involved in various immune responses.

Structure

CD226 is a type 1 transmembrane protein that possesses two Ig-like domains in its extracellular region. The protein is approximately 65 kDa in size and is expressed on the surface of natural killer cells, T cells, monocytes, platelets, and a subset of B cells.

Function

CD226 is involved in the adhesion and co-stimulation of immune cells. It interacts with other proteins, such as CD112 and CD155, to mediate these processes. CD226 plays a crucial role in the immune response by promoting the activation and proliferation of T cells. It also enhances the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the CD226 gene have been associated with various diseases. For instance, polymorphisms in this gene have been linked to autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes. Additionally, CD226 expression has been found to be upregulated in certain types of cancer, suggesting a potential role in tumor progression.

Research

Research into CD226 is ongoing, with studies investigating its role in immune responses and its potential as a therapeutic target in diseases such as cancer and autoimmune disorders.

See also

• Cluster of differentiation
• Immunoglobulin superfamily
• Natural killer cell
• T cell
• Monocyte
• Platelet
• B cell
• Autoimmune disease
• Multiple sclerosis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Type 1 diabetes
• Cancer