CD74

CD74 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD74 gene. It is also known as the HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain, Invariant chain, or Ii. CD74 plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilizing peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to compartments where peptide loading of class II takes place.

Function

CD74 is a type II transmembrane protein that is involved in the formation and transport of MHC class II proteins. MHC class II proteins are important for the immune system's ability to ward off pathogens. CD74 is necessary for the proper formation of the MHC class II protein complex, and it also helps to transport this complex to the cell surface.

Clinical significance

CD74 has been found to be overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including B cell lymphomas and carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, lung, and breast. It has been suggested that CD74 overexpression may be associated with increased cancer cell survival, proliferation, and invasion.

Research

Research into CD74 has focused on its role in the immune system and its potential as a target for cancer therapy. Studies have shown that CD74 may be a promising target for immunotherapy due to its overexpression in various cancers.

See also

• MHC class II
• Immunotherapy
• Cancer

References

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CD74

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  Role of CD74 receptor in tissue injury and wound repair