CD79B

CD79B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD79B gene. It is also known as Igβ (Immunoglobulin beta) and B29. This protein is a crucial component of the B cell receptor (BCR) complex, which plays a vital role in the development and functioning of B cells.

Structure[edit | edit source]

The CD79B protein is a type of immunoglobulin superfamily member. It is a transmembrane protein that forms a disulfide-linked heterodimer with another protein, CD79A. This heterodimer associates with membrane-bound immunoglobulins on B cells to form the B cell receptor (BCR) complex.

Function[edit | edit source]

The primary function of CD79B is to initiate antigen signaling in B cells. When an antigen binds to the BCR, CD79B becomes phosphorylated on its immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs). This phosphorylation event triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events that lead to B cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation into plasma cells.

Clinical significance[edit | edit source]

Mutations in the CD79B gene have been associated with several types of B cell lymphoma, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). These mutations often result in a constitutively active BCR, leading to uncontrolled B cell proliferation and survival.

Research[edit | edit source]

Research into CD79B is ongoing, with studies focusing on its role in B cell development and function, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target in B cell malignancies.

File:CD79B protein structure.png

Structure of the CD79B protein. Image from Wikimedia Commons.