California halibut

Halibut

A well camouflaged California halibut

California halibut (Paralichthys californicus), also known as the California flounder, is a distinctive species of large-tooth flounder native to the Pacific Coast of North America.

Distribution and Habitat

The California halibut can be found in the waters extending from the Quillayute River in Washington state down to the Magdalena Bay in Baja California. Unlike the larger Pacific halibut, which can roam deeper waters and reach weights of up to 300 pounds (140 kg), the California halibut typically weighs between 6 to 50 pounds (3 to 23 kg). They are predominantly found inshore, swimming freely near coastlines.

Diet and Behavior

As top-level predators, California halibuts employ stealth tactics to hunt their prey. They primarily feed on smaller fishes and crustaceans. Due to their ambush style of hunting, they tend to remain hidden under sandy or gravelly bottoms, camouflaging with their surroundings.

Physical Characteristics

One of the most fascinating aspects of the California halibut is its eye migration. Starting life as an upright fry with one eye on each side of its body, as it matures into an adult, one eye migrates to the other side, resulting in both eyes being on its upward-facing side when it lies on the ocean floor. While most flatfish species are strictly either right-eyed or left-eyed, the California halibut showcases an approximate even distribution of both types.

Fishing

Due to its delectable taste, the California halibut is highly sought after by anglers. Sport fishers generally employ light fishing gear coupled with live baits, including anchovies, sardines, squid, mackerel, and queenfish. Some also use plastic lures and "lead heads" to entice the fish.

Most fishing occurs from boats in coastal regions, specifically in waters ranging from 10 to 80 feet deep. However, some anglers also fish from the shore or use kayaks, especially in shallow areas. Slow trolling and drift fishing are the preferred techniques for bait presentation.

Conservation Status

While the current conservation status of the California halibut is not critically evaluated, it is essential for anglers to follow regional guidelines and fishing regulations to ensure the sustainability of the species.

See Also

• Pacific halibut
• Flatfish
• Fishing techniques