Callus (cell biology)

Callus (cell biology) is a mass of cells that forms at the site of injury in plants and some animals. It is a crucial part of the healing process and plays a significant role in wound healing and tissue regeneration.

Formation

The formation of a callus begins when the tissue is damaged. The cells around the injury site start to divide and differentiate into a variety of cell types, forming a callus. This process is regulated by a complex network of gene expression and cell signaling pathways.

Callus formation in a plant

Function

The primary function of a callus is to seal the wound and prevent further damage. It also provides a framework for the new tissue to grow. In plants, callus formation is often the first step in tissue culture, a method used to propagate plants under sterile conditions.

Clinical significance

In humans, callus formation is a common response to pressure or friction. It is often seen in people who do a lot of manual work or athletes. While it can be protective, excessive callus can cause discomfort and may require treatment.

See also

• Wound healing
• Tissue regeneration
• Tissue culture

References

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