Candidate phyla radiation

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Ultra-small bacteria

The Candidate phyla radiation (CPR) is a term used in the field of microbiology to describe a diverse group of bacterial lineages that have been identified through genomic sequencing but have not yet been cultured in the laboratory. These candidate phyla represent a significant portion of the bacterial diversity on Earth and are thought to play important roles in various ecosystems.

Discovery and Significance

The discovery of the Candidate phyla radiation has greatly expanded our understanding of microbial diversity. These bacterial lineages are often found in extreme environments such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents, subsurface environments, and other habitats with unique conditions. Despite their abundance in nature, the lack of cultured representatives has made it challenging to study their physiology and ecological roles.

Characteristics

Members of the Candidate phyla radiation are typically characterized by small genome sizes, limited metabolic capabilities, and unique genetic features. Many of these bacteria have novel metabolic pathways and adaptations that allow them to thrive in their specific environments. Understanding the biology of these candidate phyla is crucial for unraveling the complexity of microbial communities and their interactions.

Research and Future Directions

Research on the Candidate phyla radiation is ongoing, with efforts focused on developing new techniques for studying these elusive bacteria. Advances in genomic sequencing and bioinformatics have enabled researchers to gain insights into the metabolic potential and evolutionary history of these lineages. Future studies aim to isolate and culture representatives of the CPR to elucidate their physiological functions and ecological roles in different ecosystems.

See also

• Microbial ecology
• Metagenomics
• Bacterial diversity