Cannabinoid receptor type 2

Cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) is a G protein-coupled receptor from the cannabinoid receptor family that in humans is encoded by the CNR2 gene. It is closely related to the cannabinoid receptor type 1, which is largely expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system. Unlike CB1, CB2 receptors are mainly expressed in the immune system, with a particular concentration in the spleen.

Function

CB2 receptors are known to be involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including immune suppression, inflammation, pain management, and bone reformation. They are activated by the naturally occurring endocannabinoids in the body, as well as by phytocannabinoids found in the cannabis plant and synthetic cannabinoids.

Therapeutic potential

Due to their role in managing inflammation and pain, CB2 receptors have been identified as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of various conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, chronic pain, and cancer. Several studies have shown that activation of CB2 receptors can have beneficial effects in diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.

Ligands

Several ligands have been discovered that bind to and activate CB2 receptors. These include both endogenous compounds, such as anandamide and 2-AG, and exogenous compounds, such as the phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) and the synthetic cannabinoids JWH-018 and HU-210.

See also

• Cannabinoid receptor
• Endocannabinoid system
• Cannabinoids
• Medical cannabis

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