Capsule of lens

Transparent, elastic, and membranous structure surrounding the lens of the eye

Anatomy

Latin	capsula lentis

The capsule of the lens (capsula lentis) is a transparent, elastic, and membranous structure that surrounds the lens of the eye. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the shape and function of the lens, which is essential for focusing light onto the retina.

Structure

The capsule of the lens is composed of a thin, yet strong, layer of collagen fibers. It is thicker at the front (anterior) surface compared to the back (posterior) surface. The anterior capsule is approximately 10-15 micrometers thick, while the posterior capsule is about 3-4 micrometers thick.

Function

The primary function of the lens capsule is to serve as a barrier that encloses the lens fibers and epithelial cells. It also provides an attachment point for the zonular fibers (suspensory ligaments), which connect the lens to the ciliary body. This connection allows the lens to change shape during the process of accommodation, enabling the eye to focus on objects at various distances.

Development

The lens capsule develops from the lens vesicle during embryogenesis. It is one of the first structures to form in the developing lens and continues to grow throughout life, albeit at a slower rate in adulthood.

Clinical significance

Damage or abnormalities in the lens capsule can lead to various eye diseases and conditions. For example, a tear in the capsule can occur during cataract surgery, potentially leading to complications such as posterior capsule opacification (PCO). PCO is a common postoperative complication where epithelial cells proliferate on the posterior capsule, causing vision to become cloudy.

See also

• Lens (anatomy)
• Ciliary body
• Zonular fibers
• Accommodation (eye)
• Cataract surgery
• Posterior capsule opacification