Carotid plexus

The carotid plexus is a network of nerve fibers located in the neck, specifically around the carotid artery. It is part of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary body functions such as heart rate and blood pressure.

Anatomy

The carotid plexus is formed by the superior cervical ganglion, the highest of the three cervical ganglia in the sympathetic nervous system. It is located at the level of the cervical vertebrae C2 to C4. The plexus extends along the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery, giving off several branches.

Function

The carotid plexus carries sympathetic nerve fibers that are responsible for the regulation of blood flow in the head and neck. It also provides innervation to the smooth muscle of the blood vessels in these areas, causing them to constrict or dilate as needed.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the carotid plexus can result in a variety of symptoms, including Horner's syndrome, which is characterized by drooping of the eyelid, constriction of the pupil, and absence of sweating on the affected side of the face. Other potential symptoms include changes in blood pressure and heart rate.

See Also

• Sympathetic nervous system
• Carotid artery
• Superior cervical ganglion
• Horner's syndrome

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