Carotid ultrasonography

Carotid ultrasonography is a diagnostic imaging procedure used to evaluate the structure and function of the carotid arteries. These arteries, located on each side of the neck, are responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the brain.

Overview

Carotid ultrasonography uses high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) to create detailed images of the carotid arteries. This non-invasive procedure can help identify atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of fatty deposits (plaques) that can narrow or block the arteries, potentially leading to stroke.

Procedure

During a carotid ultrasonography, a healthcare provider applies a water-based gel to the neck to help transmit the ultrasound waves. A handheld device called a transducer is then moved over the neck area to capture images of the carotid arteries. The procedure is painless and typically takes less than an hour to complete.

Uses

Carotid ultrasonography is primarily used to detect and evaluate atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries. It can help determine the severity of the narrowing or blockage and guide treatment decisions. The procedure is also used to monitor the effectiveness of treatments for atherosclerosis, such as medications or surgery (carotid endarterectomy).

Risks and Limitations

Carotid ultrasonography is generally considered safe as it does not use radiation. However, it may not provide a complete picture of the arteries' condition, especially if the patient has a high body mass index or extensive calcification in the arteries. In such cases, additional tests may be required.

See Also

• Doppler ultrasonography
• Stroke
• Atherosclerosis
• Carotid endarterectomy