Actions

Cell-mediated

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Cell-mediated immunity is an immune response that does not involve antibodies, but rather involves the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen.

Overview[edit | edit source]

Cell-mediated immunity is directed primarily at microbes that survive in phagocytes and microbes that infect non-phagocytic cells. It is most effective in removing virus-infected cells, but also participates in defending against fungi, protozoans, cancers, and intracellular bacteria. It also plays a major role in transplant rejection.

Mechanism[edit | edit source]

The process of cell-mediated immunity is complex and involves many types of cells, notably T cells and macrophages. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) present antigens on their surfaces to cytotoxic T cells. These T cells are activated when their T-cell receptor (TCR) binds to this specific antigen in a complex with the MHC Class I receptor of the APC. This event primes the T cell, which then differentiates into a cytotoxic T cell. The cytotoxic T cell then travels throughout the body in search of cells where the MHC I receptors bear this antigen. When it finds such a cell, it induces cell death.

Role in disease[edit | edit source]

Cell-mediated immunity plays a key role in controlling and eliminating intracellular pathogens. However, it can also contribute to immune pathology of diseases and to autoimmune disorders.

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]


Cell-mediated Resources
Wiki.png

Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index‏‎ - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes

Search WikiMD


Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD

WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. See full disclaimer.

Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.