Cellular infiltration

Cellular Infiltration is a biological process that involves the movement of cells from their normal location to a site of injury or infection. This process is a key component of the body's immune response and plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many diseases.

Overview

Cellular infiltration is a complex process that involves a series of steps. First, cells in the blood, such as leukocytes, detect signals from the site of injury or infection. These signals, known as chemotactic factors, guide the cells to the site of damage. Once there, the cells move out of the blood vessels and into the surrounding tissue, a process known as extravasation. The cells then migrate towards the site of injury or infection, where they carry out their functions.

Role in Immune Response

Cellular infiltration is a key component of the body's immune response. When a tissue is injured or infected, it releases signals that attract immune cells. These cells then infiltrate the tissue, where they help to eliminate the cause of the damage and initiate the healing process. For example, neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, are often the first cells to infiltrate a site of injury or infection. They help to eliminate bacteria and other pathogens, and their activity also helps to recruit other immune cells to the site.

Role in Disease

While cellular infiltration is a crucial part of the body's defense mechanisms, it can also contribute to the pathogenesis of many diseases. For example, in autoimmune diseases, immune cells mistakenly infiltrate healthy tissues, leading to inflammation and tissue damage. In cancer, tumor cells can infiltrate surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body, a process known as metastasis. Understanding the mechanisms of cellular infiltration can therefore provide important insights into the development and progression of these and other diseases.

See Also

• Inflammation
• Immune response
• Autoimmune diseases
• Cancer