Challah bread

Challah Bread

Challah (Hebrew: חַלָּה) is a special bread in Jewish cuisine, traditionally braided and eaten on ceremonial occasions such as Sabbath and major Jewish holidays (excluding Passover, when leavened bread is not allowed). Rich in eggs and oil, challah has a soft, golden texture and is often sprinkled with poppy or sesame seeds.

History

The origins of challah are ancient, with connections to the biblical commandment in Leviticus 23:17, where the Israelites are commanded to offer two loaves of bread made from fine flour as a wave offering. This bread has evolved through centuries, from the temple offerings to the braided loaves known today. The term "challah" was originally used to denote the portion of dough set aside for the priests (Numbers 15:20-21), a practice that continues in a symbolic form today with the separation and burning of a small piece of dough before baking.

Ingredients and Preparation

Challah is made with simple ingredients: flour, water, yeast, sugar, eggs, and oil. Some recipes may include salt, honey, or raisins to add flavor. The dough is kneaded until smooth, then left to rise. After rising, it is braided into various shapes, with the most common being a three-strand braid. Before baking, the loaf is brushed with an egg wash to achieve a golden crust.

Cultural Significance

Challah is deeply embedded in Jewish tradition and culture. On the Sabbath, two loaves are placed on the table, representing the double portion of manna that fell from heaven when the Israelites wandered in the desert. The braided shape of the challah is symbolic as well, with various interpretations including representations of love, truth, and peace. Challah is also a traditional bread of the Jewish New Year, Rosh Hashanah, when it is often shaped into a circle to symbolize the cycle of the year and is sometimes sweetened with raisins or honey to represent hopes for a sweet new year.

Variations

While the traditional challah is braided, there are many variations. During Rosh Hashanah, the challah may be shaped into a circle or spiral to symbolize continuity. Some bakers add toppings like poppy or sesame seeds, while others incorporate ingredients like chocolate chips, olives, or onions into the dough. There are also whole wheat, spelt, and gluten-free versions to accommodate dietary needs.

In Popular Culture

Challah has transcended its religious origins to become popular in various cuisines around the world. It is appreciated for its rich flavor and texture, making it a favorite for making French toast and other bread-based dishes.