Child psychiatry

Child psychiatry is a branch of psychiatry that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders in children, adolescents, and their families. It involves a multidisciplinary approach to a range of conditions, incorporating aspects of both pediatrics and psychiatry.

History

The field of child psychiatry has its roots in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with the work of early pioneers such as Sigmund Freud and Anna Freud. The first child psychiatry clinic in the United States was established in 1920 at the Johns Hopkins Hospital.

Scope

Child psychiatry encompasses a wide range of disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), anxiety disorders, depression, and eating disorders. It also covers more severe conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis in child psychiatry often involves a comprehensive assessment that includes a detailed history from the parents or caregivers, observation of the child, and, when appropriate, psychological testing. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is commonly used as a guide for diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment in child psychiatry can involve a combination of psychotherapy, medication, and behavioral interventions. The choice of treatment depends on the nature and severity of the child's disorder, as well as the child's age and overall health.

Training and certification

In the United States, child psychiatrists are required to complete a four-year residency in psychiatry, followed by a two-year fellowship in child and adolescent psychiatry. They must also pass an examination administered by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology to become board-certified.

See also

• Adolescent psychiatry
• Developmental psychology
• Pediatric psychology
• Child and adolescent psychology