Childhood sexual abuse

Childhood Sexual Abuse

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) refers to any sexual activity with a child where consent is not or cannot be given. This includes both contact and non-contact abuse. CSA is a serious violation of a child's rights and can have profound and lasting effects on the victim's physical and mental health.

Definition

Childhood sexual abuse encompasses a range of activities, including but not limited to:

• Fondling
• Penetration
• Exposing a child to sexual acts
• Exploitation through prostitution or pornography

The abuse can be perpetrated by adults or other children, and it often involves manipulation, coercion, or force.

Prevalence

The prevalence of childhood sexual abuse is difficult to determine due to underreporting and variations in definitions. However, studies suggest that a significant percentage of adults report having experienced some form of sexual abuse during childhood.

Effects

The effects of childhood sexual abuse can be devastating and long-lasting. Survivors may experience:

• Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• Depression
• Anxiety disorders
• Substance abuse
• Relationship difficulties
• Low self-esteem

Prevention

Preventing childhood sexual abuse involves:

• Educating children about body safety and boundaries
• Training adults to recognize and respond to signs of abuse
• Implementing policies and procedures in organizations that work with children

Treatment

Treatment for survivors of childhood sexual abuse often includes:

• Therapy (such as cognitive-behavioral therapy or trauma-focused therapy)
• Support groups
• Medication for associated mental health conditions

Legal Aspects

Laws regarding childhood sexual abuse vary by jurisdiction but generally include:

• Mandatory reporting laws for suspected abuse
• Statutes of limitations for prosecuting offenders
• Legal protections for victims during court proceedings

Also see

• Child abuse
• Sexual violence
• Trauma-informed care
• Mental health