Chimney

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Seagull sits on top of the chimney cone at The World of Glass

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Seven-flue Stack 1834

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Chimney is a structural element found in many buildings that is designed to vent smoke or hot gases from a fireplace, stove, furnace, or boiler to the outdoors. Traditionally, chimneys are vertical, or as near as possible to vertical, to ensure that the gases flow smoothly, drawing air into the combustion in what is known as the chimney effect or stack effect. The space inside a chimney is called a flue.

History

The chimney has evolved over centuries from simple structures made of clay or mud in the earliest dwellings, to the highly engineered structures found in modern homes and industrial plants. The Industrial Revolution saw a significant increase in the size and number of chimneys as factories and mills proliferated, requiring efficient means of venting the byproducts of combustion.

Design and Construction

Modern chimney design considers several factors including the height of the chimney, the material used in construction, and the internal diameter or size of the flue. Materials commonly used for chimneys include brick, stone, concrete, and metal. The design and construction of chimneys must adhere to building codes and standards to ensure they operate safely and efficiently.

Chimney Liners

A critical component of modern chimneys is the chimney liner, which provides a non-combustible lining for the flue to protect the chimney walls from heat and corrosion. Liners can be made from clay tiles, metal, or ceramic materials. The choice of liner depends on the type of appliance the chimney serves and the type of fuel it burns.

Maintenance

Regular maintenance is essential for the safe operation of chimneys. This includes cleaning to remove soot and creosote, substances that can build up on the inside of the chimney and pose a fire hazard. Inspections are also necessary to identify any structural issues or blockages that could impair the chimney's function.

Environmental Considerations

The use of chimneys, particularly in industrial applications, has environmental implications due to the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere. Regulations and technologies such as scrubbers and filters have been developed to reduce the environmental impact of chimney emissions.

Cultural Significance

Chimneys have also played a role in culture and folklore. Perhaps the most famous example is the tradition of Santa Claus entering homes through the chimney to deliver presents.

See Also

• Fireplace
• Flue gas
• Industrial Revolution
• Structural engineering