Christchurch

High, Manchester and Lichfield Streets in Christchurch, 8 May 1923

Markets, Christchurch 1871 SLNSW FL10386934

ChristChurch Cathedral, 1880s

Aerial photograph of Christchurch, 1918

Pyne Gould Building destroyed by earthquake, Christchurch, New Zealand - 20110224

Christchurch is the largest city in the South Island of New Zealand and the seat of the Canterbury Region. The Christchurch urban area lies on the South Island's east coast, just north of Banks Peninsula. It is home to 383,200 residents, making it New Zealand's third-most populous city behind Auckland and Wellington.

History

Christchurch was officially established on July 31, 1856, making it the oldest established city in New Zealand. The city was named by the Canterbury Association, which settled the surrounding province of Canterbury. The name of Christchurch was decided upon at the first meeting of the Canterbury Association on March 27, 1848. It was suggested by John Robert Godley, who had attended Christ Church, Oxford. The early presence of the Church of England has had a lasting effect on the city, often referred to as the "most English city outside England."

Geography

Christchurch is located near the southern end of Pegasus Bay, lying in the Canterbury Plains. The area is flat and bordered by hills to the south and the Pacific Ocean to the east. The Avon River flows through the centre of the city, with an urban park located along its banks. The geographical layout of Christchurch offers scenic diversity, from beaches to the Port Hills, providing opportunities for various outdoor activities.

Economy

The economy of Christchurch is strong and diverse, with key industries including manufacturing, agriculture, and technology. The city is also a significant centre for New Zealand's IT and software sectors, hosting several national and international companies. Tourism is another important industry, with the city serving as a gateway to the South Island's numerous natural attractions, including ski fields, lakes, and national parks.

Culture

Christchurch is known for its vibrant arts scene and cultural institutions. The city hosts the Christchurch Arts Festival, a major event that showcases local and international artists. The Christchurch Art Gallery and the Canterbury Museum are significant cultural landmarks, offering a range of historical and contemporary exhibitions. The city's rich cultural fabric is also evident in its numerous theatres, live music venues, and galleries.

Education

Christchurch is an educational hub, home to several tertiary institutions, including the University of Canterbury and the Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology. These institutions play a vital role in the city's community and economy, providing education and research opportunities in a wide range of disciplines.

Transport

The city is well-served by a network of roads and public transport options, including buses and cycling paths. Christchurch International Airport provides domestic and international flights, making it a crucial gateway for travelers to and from the South Island.

Recovery from Earthquakes

Christchurch has undergone significant rebuilding and regeneration following the devastating earthquakes in September 2010 and February 2011. The rebuild has been an opportunity to reimagine the city, with a focus on sustainability, resilience, and community. The central city and several suburbs have seen major redevelopment, including new buildings, public spaces, and infrastructure designed to withstand future earthquakes.

See Also

• Canterbury Region
• New Zealand
• Earthquake Engineering

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