Cichorium endivia

Cichorium endivia is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is commonly known as endive and is cultivated as a leaf vegetable.

Description

Cichorium endivia is a biennial plant that typically grows to a height of 0.5 to 1 meter. It has a rosette of leaves at the base of the plant and produces a tall stem with additional leaves and blue flowers. The leaves are lanceolate, toothed, and slightly hairy. The flowers are hermaphrodite, meaning they have both male and female organs, and are pollinated by bees.

Cultivation

Endive is cultivated in two forms: curly endive, or frisée, and broad-leaved endive, or escarole. The plants are grown from seed and require a rich, well-drained soil with plenty of sunlight. The leaves are typically blanched to reduce bitterness and enhance flavor. This is achieved by tying the leaves together or covering the plant to exclude light.

Culinary uses

Endive is commonly used in salads and can also be cooked. The leaves have a slightly bitter taste, which can be reduced by blanching. In addition to being used fresh in salads, endive can also be grilled, roasted, or used in soups and stews.

Health benefits

Endive is a good source of vitamins A and K, and also contains significant amounts of dietary fiber and vitamin C. It is low in calories and can be a healthy addition to a balanced diet.

See also

• Cichorium intybus
• Leaf vegetable
• Asteraceae