Cilazapril

Chemical structure of Cilazapril

Cilazapril is a medication belonging to the class of drugs known as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors). It is primarily used in the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure) and congestive heart failure. Cilazapril works by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, thereby leading to vasodilation and a reduction in blood pressure.

Mechanism of Action

Cilazapril inhibits the angiotensin-converting enzyme, which is responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a peptide that causes blood vessels to constrict, leading to increased blood pressure. By blocking this conversion, cilazapril causes blood vessels to relax and dilate, resulting in lower blood pressure and decreased workload on the heart.

Pharmacokinetics

Cilazapril is administered orally and is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is a prodrug, which means it is converted into its active form, cilazaprilat, in the liver. Cilazaprilat is the active metabolite that exerts the therapeutic effects. The drug is excreted primarily through the kidneys.

Clinical Uses

Cilazapril is used in the management of:

• Hypertension: To lower high blood pressure and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
• Congestive heart failure: To improve symptoms and reduce mortality in patients with heart failure.

Side Effects

Common side effects of cilazapril include:

• Cough
• Dizziness
• Fatigue
• Headache

Less common but serious side effects may include:

• Angioedema
• Hyperkalemia
• Renal impairment

Contraindications

Cilazapril is contraindicated in patients with:

• History of angioedema related to previous ACE inhibitor therapy
• Pregnancy
• Severe renal artery stenosis

Related Pages

• Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
• Hypertension
• Congestive heart failure