Cilnidipine

Cilnidipine is a calcium channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension. It is a unique type of calcium channel blocker that blocks both L-type and N-type calcium channels.

Pharmacology

Cilnidipine is a dihydropyridine derivative that acts as a dual L/N-type calcium channel blocker. It inhibits the influx of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle, thus reducing peripheral vascular resistance and lowering blood pressure. The N-type calcium channel blocking action also inhibits the release of catecholamines, which can further lower blood pressure and prevent reflex tachycardia.

Clinical Use

Cilnidipine is primarily used in the treatment of essential hypertension. It may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents. It has been shown to be effective in reducing blood pressure and is well tolerated, with a low incidence of side effects.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of cilnidipine are headache, flushing, and edema. Less common side effects include palpitations, dizziness, and gastrointestinal disturbances. As with all calcium channel blockers, cilnidipine should be used with caution in patients with heart failure or severe hepatic impairment.

Dosage and Administration

Cilnidipine is typically administered orally, with the dosage adjusted according to the patient's response and tolerance. The usual starting dose is 5 mg once daily, which may be increased to a maximum of 20 mg per day.

Interactions

Cilnidipine may interact with other antihypertensive agents, increasing the risk of hypotension. It may also interact with drugs that affect the metabolism of calcium channel blockers, such as CYP3A4 inhibitors.

See Also

• Calcium channel blocker
• Hypertension
• Dihydropyridine
• CYP3A4