Cinalukast

Cinalukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) that is used in the management of asthma and allergic rhinitis. It works by blocking the action of leukotrienes, which are chemicals in the body that contribute to inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production.

Mechanism of Action

Cinalukast functions by selectively binding to cysteinyl leukotriene receptors (CysLT1) in the respiratory tract. By inhibiting these receptors, cinalukast prevents leukotrienes from exerting their effects, which include bronchoconstriction, increased vascular permeability, and recruitment of inflammatory cells. This results in reduced inflammation and relaxation of bronchial muscles, thereby improving airflow and reducing symptoms of asthma and allergic rhinitis.

Clinical Uses

Cinalukast is primarily indicated for the prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma in adults and children. It is also used to relieve symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Unlike some other asthma medications, cinalukast is not intended for the relief of acute asthma attacks.

Pharmacokinetics

Cinalukast is administered orally and is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It undergoes extensive metabolism in the liver, primarily via the cytochrome P450 enzyme system. The drug and its metabolites are excreted mainly in the urine.

Side Effects

Common side effects of cinalukast include headache, dizziness, and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and diarrhea. Rarely, it may cause liver dysfunction, and patients should be monitored for signs of liver damage.

Contraindications

Cinalukast is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components. Caution is advised in patients with hepatic impairment.

Drug Interactions

Cinalukast may interact with other medications that are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system, potentially altering their effects. It is important to review a patient's medication history to avoid adverse interactions.

Research and Development

Cinalukast is part of ongoing research to improve the management of asthma and allergic conditions. Studies are exploring its efficacy in combination with other therapies and its potential role in treating other inflammatory conditions.

Also see

• Leukotriene receptor antagonist
• Asthma
• Allergic rhinitis
• Montelukast
• Zafirlukast