Citrus × sinensis

Citrus × sinensis, commonly known as the sweet orange, is a hybrid of Citrus maxima (pomelo) and Citrus reticulata (mandarin). It is the most commonly grown tree fruit in the world.

Taxonomy

The binomial name Citrus × sinensis denotes its hybrid status – the '×' symbol indicates a hybrid. The sweet orange is a member of the Rutaceae family, which also includes other citrus fruits like lemons, limes, and grapefruits.

Description

The sweet orange tree is an evergreen, flowering tree, with an average height of 9 to 10 m (30 to 33 ft), although some very old specimens can reach 15 m (49 ft). Its oval leaves, alternately arranged, are 4 to 10 cm (1.6 to 3.9 in) long and have crenulate margins. The sweet orange has a compact and round crown.

Cultivation

Sweet orange trees thrive in a wide range of soil conditions, but prefer well-drained, sandy loam soils. They are propagated by grafting onto rootstocks. The trees are usually grown in orchards and are harvested in the winter months.

Uses

Sweet oranges are primarily grown for their fruit, which is eaten fresh or processed to extract orange juice. The peel is also used in certain recipes as a flavoring or garnish, and the volatile oil it contains is used in perfumery and as a flavoring.

Health benefits

Sweet oranges are a good source of vitamin C and other nutrients. They also contain dietary fiber and are low in calories, making them a healthy choice for a snack.

See also

• Citrus
• Citrus production
• Orange (fruit)