Classification of Saint-Émilion wine

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Classification of Saint-Émilion wine

The Classification of Saint-Émilion wine is a system for ranking the wines of the Saint-Émilion appellation in the Bordeaux wine region of France. This classification system is distinct from the Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855 and was first established in 1955. Unlike the 1855 classification, the Saint-Émilion classification is periodically revised, with the most recent update occurring in 2012.

History

The classification was created to recognize and promote the quality of wines produced in the Saint-Émilion region. The first classification was established in 1955 and has been updated approximately every ten years. The classification is overseen by the Institut National de l'Origine et de la Qualité (INAO) and the Conseil des Vins de Saint-Émilion.

Categories

The classification system is divided into three main categories:

• Premier Grand Cru Classé A
• Premier Grand Cru Classé B
• Grand Cru Classé

Premier Grand Cru Classé A

This is the highest rank in the classification and includes some of the most prestigious wines in Saint-Émilion. As of the latest classification, the estates holding this title are:

• Château Ausone
• Château Cheval Blanc
• Château Angélus
• Château Pavie

Premier Grand Cru Classé B

This category includes estates that produce wines of very high quality, though not quite at the level of the Premier Grand Cru Classé A. Some notable estates in this category include:

• Château Figeac
• Château Canon
• Château La Gaffelière

Grand Cru Classé

This category includes a larger number of estates that produce high-quality wines, though not at the level of the Premier Grand Cru Classé categories. The list of Grand Cru Classé estates is extensive and includes many well-regarded names in the wine industry.

Criteria for Classification

The criteria for classification are rigorous and include an evaluation of the vineyard's terroir, the quality of the wine, and the reputation of the estate. The evaluation process involves both blind tastings and an assessment of the estate's production facilities and practices.

Revisions and Controversies

The classification is revised approximately every ten years, which allows for changes in the rankings based on the evolving quality of the wines. However, the process has not been without controversy. The 2006 revision, in particular, faced legal challenges from several estates that were demoted or excluded from the classification. These disputes led to a temporary suspension of the classification, which was later resolved.

Significance

The classification of Saint-Émilion wine is highly significant in the wine industry, as it influences the market value and reputation of the wines. Being included in the classification can greatly enhance an estate's prestige and commercial success.

See also

• Bordeaux wine
• Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855
• French wine
• Appellation d'origine contrôlée