Cleft Lip

Cleft Lip

A cleft lip is a congenital deformity caused by abnormal facial development during gestation. This type of deformity is a gap or opening in the upper lip, and can also occur in the roof of the mouth or the soft tissue in the back of the mouth, known as the soft palate.

Causes

The exact cause of cleft lip is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some research suggests that certain genes may increase the likelihood of cleft lip when they interact with environmental factors such as maternal smoking, alcohol consumption, or certain medications taken during pregnancy.

Diagnosis

Cleft lip can often be diagnosed before birth through an ultrasound examination. After birth, a physical examination of the mouth, nose, and palate confirms the presence of cleft lip.

Treatment

Treatment for cleft lip involves surgery to close the gap in the lip. This is usually done when the child is between 3 and 6 months old. Additional surgeries may be needed later in life to improve the appearance of the lip and nose, close openings between the mouth and nose, help breathing, and stabilize and realign the jaw.

Prognosis

With proper treatment, most children with cleft lip grow up to have a normal life. However, they may face challenges related to their condition, such as difficulties with feeding, speech problems, dental problems, and social, emotional, or behavioral problems.

See also

• Cleft palate
• Congenital disorders
• Plastic surgery