Clotilde Dent Bowen

Clotilde Dent Bowen (1909–2005) was a pioneering African American physician in the United States Army, making history as the first African American woman to serve as a commissioned officer in the Army Medical Corps. Her career and contributions have left a lasting impact on military medicine and the opportunities available to African American women in the armed forces.

Early Life and Education

Born in Columbus, Ohio, Bowen was the daughter of a dentist and a teacher. She pursued her undergraduate studies at Ohio State University, where she was one of the few African American students. Despite facing racial and gender barriers, she excelled academically and went on to attend the University of Iowa College of Medicine, earning her medical degree in 1942.

Military Career

Upon completing her medical degree, Bowen sought to serve her country during World War II. In 1943, she made history by becoming the first African American woman to receive a commission as a lieutenant in the United States Army Medical Corps. Her military career spanned over two decades, during which she served in various capacities, including as a staff physician, psychiatrist, and in administrative roles. Bowen's work focused on improving the mental health and well-being of soldiers, and she was known for her dedication to her patients and her efforts to address the psychological impacts of military service.

Throughout her career, Bowen faced and overcame significant racial and gender discrimination. She was often the only African American and the only woman in her professional settings, but she used these challenges to advocate for equality and diversity within the military. Her pioneering role and advocacy efforts paved the way for future generations of women and minorities in the armed forces.

Later Life and Legacy

After retiring from the military in 1968 with the rank of colonel, Bowen continued to be active in her community and worked to promote health education and mentor young African Americans pursuing careers in medicine. She passed away in 2005, leaving behind a legacy of breaking barriers and fostering inclusivity within the military and the medical profession.

Bowen's contributions have been recognized with numerous awards and honors, including induction into the Ohio Women's Hall of Fame. Her life and career serve as an inspiring example of overcoming adversity and making significant contributions to society.

See Also

• Military medicine
• African American firsts
• Women in the military