Computer
Computer is a machine that can be instructed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations automatically via computer programming. Modern computers have the ability to follow generalized sets of operations, called programs. These programs enable computers to perform an extremely wide range of tasks.
History[edit | edit source]
The first digital electronic calculating machines were developed during World War II. The speed, power and versatility of computers have been increasing dramatically ever since then. Conventionally, a modern computer consists of at least one processing element, typically a central processing unit (CPU) and some form of memory.
Types of Computers[edit | edit source]
Computers are categorized based on their physical size, purpose and working principle. The four basic types of computers are Supercomputer, Mainframe Computer, Minicomputer and Microcomputer.
Components[edit | edit source]
A computer's hardware components include the Central Processing Unit, Motherboard, Random Access Memory, Hard Drive, Power Supply, Video Card, and Computer Case.
Software[edit | edit source]
Software refers to parts of the computer which do not have a material form, such as programs, data, protocols, etc. Software is that part of a computer system that consists of encoded information or computer instructions.
Applications[edit | edit source]
Computers are used as control systems for a wide variety of industrial and consumer devices. This includes simple special purpose devices like microwave ovens and remote controls, factory devices such as industrial robots and computer-aided design, and also general purpose devices like personal computers and mobile devices such as smartphones.
Healthcare Applications[edit | edit source]
In healthcare, computers find applications in areas such as Medical Imaging, Electronic Health Records, Telemedicine, Surgical Procedures, and Pharmacy Management.
See Also[edit | edit source]
- Computer Science
- Information Technology
- Artificial Intelligence
- Computer Programming
- Computer Network
- Computer Security
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
