Condyle of humerus

Condyle of Humerus

The condyle of humerus is an important anatomical structure located at the distal end of the humerus bone in the upper arm. It plays a crucial role in the articulation of the elbow joint, allowing for flexion and extension movements of the forearm.

Anatomy

The condyle of humerus consists of two distinct parts: the medial condyle and the lateral condyle. These condyles are separated by a shallow groove called the trochlea, which serves as the articulating surface for the ulna bone of the forearm.

The medial condyle, also known as the medial epicondyle, is larger and more prominent than the lateral condyle. It is located on the inner side of the humerus and provides attachment points for various muscles and ligaments involved in forearm and hand movements.

The lateral condyle, or the lateral epicondyle, is situated on the outer side of the humerus. It is slightly smaller and less prominent compared to the medial condyle. Similar to the medial condyle, it serves as an attachment site for muscles and ligaments that control the movements of the forearm and hand.

Function

The condyle of humerus plays a vital role in the movement and stability of the elbow joint. It allows for flexion and extension movements of the forearm, enabling actions such as bending and straightening the arm.

During flexion, the condyles of the humerus roll and slide along the articulating surface of the ulna, allowing the forearm to move closer to the upper arm. Conversely, during extension, the condyles move in the opposite direction, returning the forearm to its original position.

Additionally, the condyle of humerus provides attachment points for several muscles and ligaments that are essential for the stability and function of the elbow joint. These structures include the common flexor and extensor tendons, which are responsible for the movements of the wrist and fingers.

Clinical Significance

Injuries to the condyle of humerus can occur due to trauma or repetitive stress. Fractures of the condyle may result in pain, swelling, and limited range of motion in the elbow joint. Treatment options for condylar fractures vary depending on the severity of the injury and may include immobilization, physical therapy, or surgical intervention.

Furthermore, conditions such as medial epicondylitis, commonly known as golfer's elbow, and lateral epicondylitis, also known as tennis elbow, can affect the condyles of the humerus. These conditions involve inflammation and degeneration of the tendons attached to the condyles, resulting in pain and limited function of the elbow joint.

See Also

• Humerus
• Elbow Joint
• Ulna
• Medial Epicondyle
• Lateral Epicondyle
• Flexion
• Extension
• Medial Epicondylitis
• Lateral Epicondylitis