Connecticut River

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Major river in the New England region of the United States

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The Connecticut River as seen from the French King Bridge in Massachusetts

Etymology
Nickname(s)
Native name
Country	United States
States	New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut
Region
District
Municipality

The Connecticut River is the longest river in New England, flowing for approximately 406 miles (653 km) through four states: New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, and Connecticut. The river rises at Fourth Connecticut Lake in Pittsburg, New Hampshire, and flows southward into Long Island Sound at Old Saybrook, Connecticut.

Geography

The Connecticut River's watershed encompasses 11,260 square miles (29,200 km²), making it the largest river ecosystem in New England. The river serves as a natural border between New Hampshire and Vermont for much of its length. Major tributaries include the West River, Deerfield River, Farmington River, Ammonoosuc River, White River, and Westfield River.

History

The Connecticut River has been a vital waterway for centuries. Native American tribes, including the Pequot, Mohegan, and Nipmuc, utilized the river for transportation, fishing, and trade. European settlers arrived in the 17th century, establishing towns and cities along its banks. The river played a crucial role in the development of the region's economy, particularly in the Industrial Revolution, when it powered numerous mills and factories.

Ecology

The Connecticut River supports a diverse range of wildlife and plant species. It is home to various fish species, including Atlantic salmon, American shad, and striped bass. The river's wetlands provide critical habitats for birds, amphibians, and other wildlife. Efforts to protect and restore the river's ecosystem have been ongoing, with organizations such as the Connecticut River Conservancy leading conservation initiatives.

Recreation

The Connecticut River offers numerous recreational opportunities, including boating, fishing, and hiking. The river is a popular destination for kayaking and canoeing, with several access points and scenic routes. The Connecticut River Greenway State Park in Massachusetts provides trails and picnic areas for visitors to enjoy the natural beauty of the river.

Economy

Historically, the Connecticut River was a major transportation route for goods and people. Today, it continues to support local economies through tourism, recreation, and agriculture. The fertile floodplains along the river are ideal for farming, producing crops such as tobacco, corn, and vegetables.

See also

• List of rivers of New England
• Long Island Sound
• Connecticut River Valley
• Connecticut River Conservancy