Corn smut

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Corn smut is a plant disease caused by the pathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis. The fungus forms galls on all above-ground parts of corn (maize) species, and is known in Mexico as huitlacoche, where it is considered a delicacy.

Overview[edit | edit source]

Ustilago maydis is a pathogenic plant fungus that causes smut disease in maize (Zea mays) and teosinte (Euchlena mexicana). The fungus forms galls on all above-ground parts of corn species, and is known in Mexico as huitlacoche, where it is considered a delicacy. The fungus is spread by wind and rain, and can also be transmitted by insects.

Symptoms and effects[edit | edit source]

The most obvious symptom of corn smut is the presence of large, irregular, tumor-like galls on the ears, tassels, or stalks of the corn plant. These galls are initially white or gray and filled with a liquid that contains the fungal spores. As the galls mature, they become dark and filled with a powdery mass of spores. When the galls rupture, the spores are released and can infect other plants.

Control[edit | edit source]

Control of corn smut involves a combination of cultural practices, such as crop rotation and sanitation, and the use of resistant varieties. Fungicides can also be used, but they are generally not cost-effective for most commercial growers.

Culinary use[edit | edit source]

In Mexico, corn smut is considered a delicacy and is often used in soups, stews, and as a filling for tacos and quesadillas. The galls are harvested while they are still immature and have a sweet, mushroom-like flavor.

See also[edit | edit source]

Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD