Corona radiata (embryology)

Corona radiata is a crucial structure in embryology that plays a significant role in the development of the ovum and spermatozoon. It is a layer of cells that surrounds the oocyte both in the ovarian follicle and after ovulation.

Structure

The corona radiata is composed of two or three layers of granulosa cells that connect the cumulus oophorus to the rest of the antral follicle. These cells are essential for the nourishment and development of the oocyte. They are also involved in the secretion of estrogen and progesterone, two hormones that are crucial for the regulation of the menstrual cycle.

Function

The primary function of the corona radiata is to supply vital proteins to the oocyte, which are necessary for its growth and development. These cells also play a role in the process of ovulation, where they help in the release of the oocyte from the ovarian follicle. After ovulation, the corona radiata cells remain attached to the oocyte and are essential for the process of fertilization.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in the corona radiata can lead to various reproductive issues, such as infertility. For instance, a thin or absent corona radiata may prevent the sperm from penetrating the oocyte, leading to failed fertilization.

See also

• Ovarian follicle
• Oocyte
• Fertilization
• Infertility