Corticospinal

Corticospinal is a term that refers to the corticospinal tract, a collection of axons that travel between the cerebral cortex and the spinal cord. This tract is a crucial part of the central nervous system and plays a significant role in the control of voluntary movements.

Anatomy

The corticospinal tract originates in the cerebral cortex, specifically in the precentral gyrus, which is the primary motor area of the brain. From there, the axons descend through the internal capsule, the midbrain, and the pons before reaching the medulla oblongata. At this point, the majority of the axons cross over to the opposite side of the body in a process known as decussation. After decussation, the axons continue down the spinal cord in the lateral corticospinal tract.

Function

The primary function of the corticospinal tract is to carry motor information from the brain to the spinal cord. This information is then transmitted to the muscles, allowing for voluntary movement. The corticospinal tract is particularly important for the control of fine, precise movements, especially those involving the hands and fingers.

Clinical significance

Damage to the corticospinal tract can result in a number of neurological conditions, including spastic paralysis, muscle weakness, and Babinski sign. These conditions are often caused by stroke, traumatic brain injury, or multiple sclerosis. Treatment typically involves physical therapy and, in some cases, medication or surgery.

See also

• Motor neuron
• Upper motor neuron
• Lower motor neuron
• Pyramidal tract

References

Corticospinal Resources
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