Costotransverse articulation

Costotransverse articulation refers to the joint formed between the tubercle of a rib and the transverse process of a thoracic vertebra. It is a pivotal component in the skeletal system, playing a crucial role in the flexibility and stability of the thoracic cage. This articulation is key to understanding the mechanics of respiration and the movement of the thorax.

Anatomy

The costotransverse articulation is formed by the articulation of the articular part of the tubercle of the rib with the costal facet on the transverse process of the corresponding thoracic vertebra. Each rib, from the first to the tenth, articulates at these joints, providing a posterior attachment point that allows for the elevation and depression of the ribs during breathing.

Ligaments and Stability

Several ligaments reinforce the costotransverse articulation, ensuring stability while allowing necessary movement. These include the costotransverse ligament, the lateral costotransverse ligament, and the superior costotransverse ligament. These ligaments limit the range of movement at the joint, preventing excessive motion that could lead to injury.

Function

The primary function of the costotransverse articulation is to facilitate the movements of the ribs during respiration. It allows for the elevation of the ribs during inspiration, which increases the volume of the thoracic cavity, and aids in their depression during expiration, decreasing the thoracic volume and aiding in the expulsion of air from the lungs.

Clinical Significance

Disorders of the costotransverse articulation can lead to pain and restricted movement. Conditions such as costotransverse joint dysfunction and costovertebral joint dysfunction can result from trauma, degenerative changes, or inflammatory processes, leading to thoracic back pain and difficulty in breathing.

See Also

• Rib
• Thoracic vertebrae
• Respiration
• Thoracic cage