Culebra, Puerto Rico

Culebra, Puerto Rico is an island-municipality of Puerto Rico located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Puerto Rican mainland and north of Vieques. Culebra is part of the Spanish Virgin Islands, also known as the Passage Islands. It is known for its stunning beaches, coral reefs, and a relaxed, tranquil atmosphere, making it a popular destination for tourists seeking a peaceful retreat.

Geography

Culebra encompasses approximately 30 square miles (78 km²), including the main island and 23 smaller islands and cays. The highest point is Mount Resaca, standing at 650 feet (198 meters). The island's geography is marked by several bays and lagoons, with Flamenco Beach being the most famous for its clear waters and white sandy shores. The surrounding waters are rich in marine life, making it an ideal spot for snorkeling and scuba diving.

History

The history of Culebra dates back to the pre-Columbian era, with evidence of Taíno inhabitants. The island was claimed for Spain by Christopher Columbus on his second voyage in 1493. For centuries, it remained largely uninhabited and was used as a hideout by pirates. In 1880, Culebra was officially incorporated into Puerto Rico. The United States Navy used parts of the island for military exercises from 1901 until 1975, when local protests led to the cessation of these activities. Today, Culebra is a protected wildlife refuge, with efforts focused on preserving its natural beauty and ecosystems.

Demographics

As of the latest census, Culebra has a population of around 1,800 residents. The population is predominantly of Puerto Rican descent, with a mix of cultures reflecting the island's history. Spanish and English are the primary languages spoken.

Economy

Culebra's economy is primarily based on tourism, with many locals involved in providing accommodations, tours, and other services to visitors. The island's natural attractions, including its beaches, snorkeling, and wildlife, are the main draw. There is also a small but vibrant local arts scene, with galleries and workshops showcasing the work of local artists.

Transportation

Access to Culebra is primarily through ferry service from Fajardo, Puerto Rico, or by air from the main island and the United States Virgin Islands. The island has one small airport, Benjamin Rivera Noriega Airport, which accommodates light aircraft. Roads on the island are narrow, and transportation is mainly by private vehicles, rental cars, and taxis.

Conservation

Culebra is home to several protected areas, including the Culebra National Wildlife Refuge, which covers approximately 1,400 acres of land and 23,000 acres of surrounding waters. The refuge is a habitat for endangered species such as the leatherback turtle and provides crucial nesting sites for seabirds. Conservation efforts are focused on protecting the island's unique ecosystems and biodiversity.

See Also

• Vieques, Puerto Rico
• Puerto Rico
• Caribbean
• Wildlife refuge