Cuterebridae

Cuterebridae

The family Cuterebridaecomprises a group of large, robust flies known as botflies. These flies are primarily known for their parasitic larvae, which infest mammals, including rodents, lagomorphs, and occasionally humans. The family is part of the order Diptera, which encompasses all true flies.

Description

Adult Cuterebridae are rarely seen, as they do not feed and have a short lifespan. They are characterized by their large size, often resembling bumblebees, with hairy bodies and reduced mouthparts. The larvae, however, are well-known for their parasitic lifestyle.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of Cuterebridae involves several stages:

1. Eggs: Female botflies lay their eggs near the entrances of animal burrows or on vegetation frequented by potential hosts. 2. Larvae: Upon hatching, the larvae actively seek out a host. They enter the host's body through natural openings or wounds and develop subcutaneously, forming a warble or boil-like swelling. 3. Pupation: After completing their larval development, they exit the host to pupate in the soil. 4. Adults: The adult flies emerge from the pupae, mate, and the cycle begins anew.

Hosts and Parasitism

Cuterebridae larvae are obligate parasites, meaning they require a host to complete their development. Common hosts include:

- Rodents: Many species of Cuterebridae are specialized to parasitize specific rodent hosts. - Lagomorphs: Rabbits and hares are also frequent hosts. - Humans: Although rare, human infestations can occur, typically in tropical regions.

The presence of larvae in the host can cause tissue damage and secondary infections, but infestations are generally not fatal.

Distribution

Cuterebridae are primarily found in the Americas, with the highest diversity in tropical and subtropical regions. Some species are also found in temperate zones.

Medical and Veterinary Importance

While Cuterebridae infestations are not typically life-threatening, they can cause significant discomfort and require medical intervention to remove the larvae. In veterinary medicine, infestations in domestic animals such as cats and dogs are occasionally reported.

Also see

• Myiasis
• Diptera
• Parasitism
• Entomology

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