Cuticle (hair)

Cuticle (hair)

The cuticle is the outermost part of the hair shaft. It is formed from dead cells, overlapping in layers, which form scales that give the hair shaft strength and protect the inner structure of the hair. The cuticle is responsible for much of the mechanical strength of the hair fiber. A healthy cuticle is more than just a protective layer, as the cuticle also represents the structure that controls the water content of the fiber. Much of the shine that makes healthy hair so attractive is due to the cuticle.

Structure

The cuticle is the hair’s protective shield, composed of overlapping cells — like roof shingles. The cuticle layer is the first line of defense against all forms of damage; it acts as a protective barrier for the softer inner structures, including the medulla and cortex. The cuticle is a hard, shingle-like layer of overlapping cells, some 5 to 12 deep, formed from dead cells that form scales which give the hair shaft strength and do the main job of protecting the hair.

Function

The primary function of the cuticle is to protect the hair shaft from damage. It does this by providing a tough, protective coating that can withstand the wear and tear of daily life. The cuticle also plays a crucial role in controlling the water content of the hair fiber. It allows moisture to pass into the hair shaft, helping to keep it hydrated and healthy.

Health and care

The health of the cuticle layer is directly related to the overall appearance of the hair. When the layers of the cuticle are tightly knit together, the hair looks shiny and smooth. When the layers separate and lift, the hair can appear dull, dry, and can be more prone to damage. Regular use of hair conditioners and hair masks can help maintain the health of the cuticle and improve the appearance of the hair.

See also

• Hair follicle
• Hair care
• Hair conditioner