Cycleanine

Cycleanine is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkaloids and derivatives. These are naturally occurring chemical compounds that contain mostly basic nitrogen atoms. This group also includes some related compounds with neutral and even weakly acidic properties. Also, they are a group of naturally occurring phenolic compounds that are synthesized from amino acids and contain one or more nitrogen atoms.

Chemical Properties

Cycleanine is a weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). In humans, cycleanine is involved in the metabolic pathway called the alkaloids biosynthesis I. It is a tertiary amine and an organic heteropentacyclic compound. It is a member of quinolizidines, a monocarboxylic acid amide, a secondary alcohol, and an organic heteropentacyclic compound. It derives from a hydride of a lupanine.

Biological Role

Cycleanine has been found in several plant species, including Lupinus species. It is one of the many alkaloids found in these plants and is believed to play a role in the plant's defense mechanisms against herbivores. However, the exact biological role of cycleanine in these plants is still not fully understood and is the subject of ongoing research.

Toxicity

Like many alkaloids, cycleanine can be toxic if ingested in large amounts. Symptoms of cycleanine poisoning can include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and in severe cases, respiratory failure and death. However, the exact lethal dose of cycleanine is not known and can vary depending on the individual and the method of ingestion.

See Also

• Alkaloids
• Lupinus
• Quinolizidine

References

Cycleanine Resources
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